\u6211\u5bf9\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u592a\u6ee1\u610f\u3002\u4ed6\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u7ae0\u91cc\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5efa\u8bae\uff08lottery\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5de5\u4f5c\u90a3\u4e00\u7ae0\u91cc\u4ed6\u5efa\u8bae\u5bf9\u91d1\u878d\u4ea4\u6613\u6536\u9ad8\u7a0e\u7387\u7684\u7a0e\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u505c\u7559\u5728\u8868\u5c42\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5bf9 meritocracy \u7684\u53cd\u601d\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u8981\u6709 diversity\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba value \u5e02\u573a\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba value \u522b\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u591a\u5143\u5316\u4e86\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\u3002<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230 The Rise of Meritocracy \u8fd9\u672c\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u63d0\u51fa meritocracy \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u4e66\u91cc\uff0c\u5c31\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff08\u800c\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u7684\u4e66\u867d\u7136\u5bf9\u73b0\u5b9e\u5206\u6790\u5f97\u8ba9\u6211\u918d\u9190\u704c\u9876\uff0c\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u8db3\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\uff0c\u662f\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u8ba9\u6211\u4e0d\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u89c9\u5f97\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u5f88 elusive\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f88\u5c11\u63d0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff09\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0cRise \u91cc\u9762\u81ea\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u601d\u8def\uff1ameritocracy \u7684\u5174\u8d77\u662f\u5de5\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u4ee5\u53ca\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u6280\u672f\u9769\u547d\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u7cfb\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5728\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u592a\u8fc7\u4e8e\u4e13\u5fc3\u7ade\u4e89\u751f\u4ea7\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u4f1a\u6709 rise of meritocracy\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Since the country is dedicated to the one overriding purpose of economic expansion, people are judged according to the single test of how much they increase production, or the knowledge that will, directly or indirectly, lead to that consummation. … The ability to raise production, directly or indirectly, is known as ‘intelligence’: this iron measure is the judgement of society upon its members.<\/p>
…<\/p>
They [authors of Chelsea Manifesto] oppose inequality because it reflects a narrowness of values. … They seek the equality of man in the sense that they want every man to be respected for the good that is in him. <\/p>
In the light of this approach the authors of the Manifesto sought to give a new meaning to equality of opportunity. This, they said, should not mean equal opportunity to rise up in the social scale, but equal opportunity for all people, irrespective of their ‘intelligence’, to develop the virtues and talents with which they are endowed, all their capacities for appreciating the beauty and depth of human experience, all their potential for living to the full.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u518d\u81ea\u5439\u81ea\u64c2\u4e00\u4e0b\u8bf4\uff0cTyranny of Merit \u91cc\u6211\u5df2\u7ecf\u72ec\u7acb\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u8bf4\u3002\u6211\u8fd8\u5199\u4e86\u548c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5f15\u7528\u91cc ‘narrowness of values’ \u5f88\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u6211\u5199\u5f97\u4e0d\u591f\u597d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u4e86 Haben \u4e66\u91cc\u8bf4\u7684\uff1a\u201cCommunities designed with just one kind of person in mind isolate those of us defying their narrow definition of personhood.\u201d \u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u88ab meritocracy \u9650\u5b9a\u540e\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd narrow definition of human value\u3002\uff08\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u76f8\u5e72\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u5230\u6211\u8111\u5b50\u91cc\u90fd\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\uff09<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n
\u5728\u8bfb\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u7684\u4e66\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u8bf4\u6211\u89c9\u5f97 \u2018\u4efb\u4eba\u552f\u8d24\u2019 – meritocracy \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u5982 meritocracy \u5728\u73b0\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u9020\u6210\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u5947\u602a\u73b0\u8c61\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u88ab\u6851\u5fb7\u5c14\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e0d\u80af\u4e0b\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u4eba\u5e26\u8dd1\u4e86\u3002\u73b0\u5728 meritocracy \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4f26\u7406\u8ba8\u8bba\u90fd\u8981\u4ece\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u5047\u8bbe\u51fa\u53d1\uff0c\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u2018\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00\u2019 \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u88ab\u8bc1\u660e\u7684\u6709\u6548 veto vote\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fa9\u8bba\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u8303\u7574\u5185\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u795e\u5947\u5730\u662f\u865a\u6784\u672a\u6765\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u524d\u8a00\u91cc\u4ed6\u6709\u8bf4\u6717\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u770b\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u7a3f\u5b50\u540e\u5bf9\u4ed6\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u51fa\u7248 PhD \u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u662f\u4e8b\u5148\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u865a\u6784\u672a\u6765\u5386\u53f2\u89c6\u89d2\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8981\u770b\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u5730\u65b9\u624d\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\u3002\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f1958\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u524d\u8a00\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u6295\u7a3f\u88ab\u62d2\u4e86\u597d\u591a\u6b21\u3002\u4e66\u91cc\u7684 narrator \u662f\u5728 2034 \u5e74\uff0c\u548c\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5f88\u8fd1\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a narrator \u662f meritocracy\uff0c\u4e5f\u575a\u5b9a\u5730\u76f8\u4fe1 meritocracy \u662f\u6b63\u9014\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u865a\u6784\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u601d\u8def\u91cc\uff0cdemocracy \u662f aristocracy \u5230 meritocracy \u7684\u8fc7\u6e21\u65f6\u671f\u3002\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0cdid I mention ‘meritocracy’ \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u662f\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u53d1\u660e\u7684\uff1faristocracy \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u4eba\u7684\u667a\u529b\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u6709\u6548\u5229\u7528\uff0c\u806a\u660e\u4eba\u662f\u4ee5\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u5206\u522b\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u548c\u5e95\u5c42\u9636\u7ea7\u4e2d\u7684\u3002\u4e8e\u662f democracy \u7ed9\u4f4e\u9636\u5c42\u7684\u4eba\u4e0a\u5347\u673a\u4f1a\u3002\u7b49\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b5b\u9009\u5b8c\u6210\u5e76\u4e14\u7a33\u5b9a\u540e\uff0cdemocracy \u7684\u4f7f\u547d\u4e5f\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\uff08\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u7684 -cracy \u90fd\u662f \u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u7684 rule \u7684\u610f\u601d\uff1bmerit- \u662f\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u8bcd\u6e90\uff08\u5176\u5b83\u4e24\u4e2a\u90fd\u662f\u5e0c\u814a\u8bed\u8bcd\u6e90\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4 meritocracy \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u4e0d\u4f26\u4e0d\u7c7b\u3002\uff09 \u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u672c\u8eab\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u5728\u8bf4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6211\u90fd\u4e0d\u592a\u61c2\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u4e0e\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u4eba\uff08\u5de5\u515a\uff09\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u653f\u7b56\u3002\u6559\u80b2\u65b9\u9762 comprehensive school \u548c grammar school\uff0c\u6211\u53ea\u6709\u6a21\u6a21\u7cca\u7cca\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u4f5c\u8005\u4e5f\u6ca1\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u61c2\u7684\u5427\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u6ca1\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u61c2\u3002\u4f5c\u8005\u8fd8\u5177\u4f53\u8bf4\u4e86\u653f\u5e9c\u7528\u4eba(civil service) \u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7528\u4eba\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e45\u8fdc\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u6ca1\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u61c2\u3002 \u4f5c\u8005\u8bbe\u60f3\u4e2d\u7684\u672a\u6765\u5bf9 meritocracy \u7684\u53cd\u6297\u6765\u81ea\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5426\u8bf4\u660e\u4f5c\u8005\u5f88\u5668\u91cd\u5973\u6027\u5462\uff1f\u6211\u60f3\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u3002meritocracy \u7684\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u5176\u5b9e\u7ecf\u5e38\u662f meritocracy \u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u3002\u4f46\u5979\u4eec\u5199\u7684 Chelsea Manifesto \u6307\u5411\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6211\u60f3\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bbe\u5b9a\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u65e0\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u4f5c\u8005\u600e\u4e48\u4f1a\u662f\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u3002\u3002\uff08\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4e0d\u597d\uff09 \u5728 The Tyanny of Merit […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[314,316],"class_list":["post-2399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-11","tag-meritocracy","tag-michael-dunlop-young"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2399"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2403,"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2399\/revisions\/2403"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}