{"id":2532,"date":"2021-12-05T11:54:06","date_gmt":"2021-12-05T03:54:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/?p=2532"},"modified":"2021-12-05T11:54:06","modified_gmt":"2021-12-05T03:54:06","slug":"%e5%8f%88%e7%9c%8b%e4%ba%86%e4%b8%80%e6%9c%ac%e5%85%8b%e4%bc%a6%e5%a8%81%e5%b0%94%e4%bc%a0%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/?p=2532","title":{"rendered":"\u53c8\u770b\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u4f20\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>God\u2019s Englishman by Christopher Hill<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u770b\u5b8c <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/?p=2526\">Century of Revolution<\/a> \u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8d5e\u53f9\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5b66\u8bc6\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5199\u4e86\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u4f20\u8bb0\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u7684\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u8981\u662f\u6709\u4eba\u80fd\u8fd8\u539f\u5386\u53f2\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u662f Hill \u8fd9\u6837\u5bf9\u5386\u53f2\u5f88\u6709\u5b66\u8bc6\u7684\u4eba\u4e86\u3002Century of Revolution \u91cc\u63d0\u53ca\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u7684\u4e0d\u591a\uff0c\u6211\u671f\u5f85 Hill \u7684\u51b7\u9759\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7ed9\u6211\u5e73\u8861\u4e00\u4e0b <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.miahavero.me\/?p=2428\">Firth \u7684\u4e66<\/a>\u7ed9\u6211\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u51b2\u51fb\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\uff0cHill \u8bf4 Firth \u7684\u4e66\u662f\u6700\u597d\u7684\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u4f20\u8bb0\uff08\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u51fa\u7248\u65f6\u95f4\u662f1970\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u672c\u6765\u770b\u8fd9\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\u6709\u4e0d\u5c11\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u83b7\u5f97\u4e00\u4e9b\u89e3\u7b54\uff0c\u770b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6211\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6536\u83b7\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u672c\u6765\u51fa\u624b\u5f88\u6709\u5206\u5bf8\u7684\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u5230\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u6b8b\u5fcd\uff1f\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u770b\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4e66\u90fd\u60f3\u4e0d\u901a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6211\u89c9\u5f97 Hill \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u975e\u5e38\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4ed6\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u9700\u8981\u5728\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u6218\u573a\u4e0a\u5feb\u901f\u80dc\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\t<li>\u56fd\u9645\u5f62\u52bf\uff1a\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u662f\u5916\u56fd\u4fb5\u7565\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u540e\u95e8\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u67e5\u7406\u4e8c\u4e16\u56de\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u540e\u95e8\u3002<\/li>\n\t<li>\u56fd\u5185\u5f62\u52bf\uff1a\u6218\u4e89\u5fc5\u987b\u5feb\u901f\u6253\u5b8c\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u624d\u80fd\u627f\u53d7\u5f00\u652f\u3002\u8bae\u4f1a\u519b\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7531\u5356\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u571f\u5730\u6240\u5f97\u8d44\u52a9\u7684\uff0c\u8981\u6253\u4e0b\u6765\u624d\u80fd\u5151\u73b0\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u7ecf\u6d4e\u60c5\u51b5\u8feb\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6218\u4e89\u5fc5\u987b\u5feb\u901f\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6253\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/li>\n\t<li>\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5f81\u670d\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u90fd\u662f\u5f88\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u540d\u5c06\u8f7d\u5728\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u4e0a\u3002\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u7684\u653f\u654c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u8003\u8651\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5f31\u4ed6\u800c\u8981\u6c42\u4ed6\u53bb\u6253\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5fc5\u987b\u6210\u529f\u3002<br><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5173\u4e8e\u7231\u5c14\u5170\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u8bf4\u90a3\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6b8b\u5fcd\u548c\u5f53\u65f6\u6b27\u6d32\u6218\u573a\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6b8b\u5fcd\u6c34\u5e73\u662f\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5426\u8ba4\u6bd4\u5728\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u548c\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u6b8b\u5fcd\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u524d\u9762\u90a3\u4e00\u70b9\u6210\u7acb\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8fd8\u662f\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u3002Hill \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff0c\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5c3d\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e89\u3001\u5f81\u670d\u7231\u5c14\u5170\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e9b\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\uff08\u6216\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u88ab\u4ed6\u611f\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u60f3\u7406\u89e3\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u9762\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u4ed6\u523b\u610f\u4e3a\u4e4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u624b\u6bb5\u6b8b\u9177\u6765\u5a01\u6151\u540e\u7eed\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u4ee5\u5c3d\u91cf\u5feb\u901f\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e89\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u7b56\u7565\uff1b\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c4 \u6708\u88ab\u4efb\u547d\uff0c8\u6708\u624d\u767b\u9646\u7231\u5c14\u5170\uff0c\u8fd9\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u4ed6\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4f9b\u7ed9\u3001\u7269\u6d41\u548c\u519b\u9977\uff0c\u5728 Firth \u7684\u4e66\u91cc\u7ed9\u4eba\u611f\u89c9\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e3a\u58eb\u5175\u798f\u5229\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5728 Hill \u7684\u4e66\u91cc\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u4ed6\u8981\u505a\u5145\u8db3\u51c6\u5907\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u65e0\u6cd5\u8d62\u5f97\u6218\u4e89\u3002\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8bf4\uff0c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97 Hill \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u66f4\u53ef\u4fe1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4e0d\u548c\u4ed6\u5bf9 the Levellers \u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u4e5f\u7b26\u5408\u4ed6\u505a\u4e8b\u52a1\u5b9e\u6709\u6548\u7684\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 Drogheda \u548c Wexford \u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u5e7f\u5c9b\u548c\u957f\u5d0e\uff1b\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5728\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u662f\u8bc5\u5492\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b97\u6559\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u75db\u6068\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\uff0c\u6781\u5c11\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u60f3\u8981\u5b97\u6559\u5bbd\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bbd\u5bb9\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\uff0cHill \u8bf4\uff0c\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u5bf9\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff08\u6709\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u5728\u62a4\u56fd\u516c\u65f6\u671f\u6bd4\u540e\u7eed\u65af\u56fe\u4e9a\u7279\u738b\u671d\u65f6\u671f\u65e5\u5b50\u597d\u8fc7\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5728\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u6bd4\u5728\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u66f4\u653f\u6cbb\u3002Firth \u7684\u4e66\u91cc\u63d0\u5230\u8fc7\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u5728\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5fc3\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u662f\u5929\u4e3b\u6559\u5f92\uff0c\u6211\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5e72\u6d89\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u8981\u516c\u5f00\u5f25\u6492\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u3002\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u662f\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u662f\u5bbd\u5bb9\u7684\uff08\u8d85\u51fa\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u666e\u904d\u6c34\u5e73\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u662f\u654c\u6211\u5206\u660e\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u81f3\u4e8e\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4e2d\u4ea7\u53ca\u4ee5\u4e0a\u9636\u7ea7\u5bf9\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u4eba\u7684\u6b67\u89c6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u662f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u5417\uff1fHill 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1641 \u5e74\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u8d77\u4e49\uff0c\u8bf4\u5728\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u7684\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u4eba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5408\u6cd5\u4e70\u5356\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u5374\u906d\u5230\u53cd\u6297\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4ed6\u8fd8\u8bf4\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7ed9\u4f60\u4eec\u5e26\u6765\u4e86 liberty\uff0c\u662f\u4e3a\u4f60\u4eec\u597d\u3002\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u8ba9\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4f3c\u66fe\u76f8\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u63a8\u7ffb\u738b\u6743\u662f\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u6700\u660e\u663e\u7684\u529f\u7ee9\u662f\u8d62\u5f97\u4e86\u4e00\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\u738b\u6743\u3002\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u2014\u2014\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u7684\u5f00\u7aef\u4e5f\u6709\u4ed6\u51fa\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u672c\u662f\u540c\u6839\u751f\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u6709\u70b9\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u662f\u548c\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u672c\u662f\u540c\u6839\u751f\u3002\u800c\u73b0\u5728\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u540e\u679c\u2014\u2014\u767d\u4eba\u81f3\u4e0a\u4e3b\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u4ecd\u7136\u4e3b\u5bb0\u7740\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u800c\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u9769\u547d\u5f88\u5927\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u8d38\u6613\uff0c\u5728\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\u53cd\u5bf9\u7edd\u5bf9\u738b\u6743\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8131\u9896\u800c\u51fa\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u6c11\u4e3b\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u548c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u6b96\u6c11\u4e3b\u4e49\u540c\u6839\u751f\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u90a3\u610f\u5473\u7740\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u5b97\u6559<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\uff0c\u548c\u90a3\u6bb5\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7406\u89e3\u5b97\u6559\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8ba9\u4eba\u5f88\u6cc4\u6c14\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\u592a\u96be\u7406\u89e3\u4e86\u3002\u6ca1\u60f3\u5230\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5728\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u8ba9\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u6709\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u8def\u5fb7\u548c\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u89c9\u5f97\u4f60\u7684\u6240\u4f5c\u6240\u4e3a\u5c31\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6551\u4f60\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5389\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u505a\u4e86\u597d\u4e8b\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u4e16\u4fd7\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u7684\u6548\u679c\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\uff08\u5176\u4e2d\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u662f\u6781\u7aef\u7684\u65b0\u6559\u5f92\uff09\u90fd\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f88\u52e4\u594b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u7f57\u7d20\u51fa\u8eab\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c\u662f\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u52e4\u594b\u592a\u8fc7\u5934\u4e86\u5f88\u4e0d\u5065\u5eb7\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u4f60\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0a\u5e1d\u90fd\u4f1a\u6551\u4f60\u7684\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u52aa\u529b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3001\u505a\u597d\u4e8b\u5462\uff1f\u54f2\u5b66\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f predestination \u548c free will \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u3002\u5728\u6211\u4ee5\u524d\u770b\u7684\u4e66\u91cc\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\uff1a\u4f60\u505a\u597d\u4e8b\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u52aa\u529b\u7136\u540e\u6709\u94b1\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u4f60\u88ab\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u5f81\u5146\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u6bcf\u5929\u53cd\u601d\u505a\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u60f3\u77e5\u9053\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u4e0a\u5e1d\u9009\u4e2d\u4e86\u4ed6\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6211\u7406\u89e3\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u770b\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u4e66\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u6211\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u662f\u4e0a\u9762\u8bf4\u7684\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\u4e00\u76f4\u662f mental gymnastics\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>Hill \u7684\u957f\u5904\u662f contextualize\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u8bf4\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u4e0a\u8ff0\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ed6\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77db\u76fe\u6709\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u540c\u610f\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b66\u8005\u8bf4\u7684\uff0c\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5728 &#8216;dealing with the  psychological problems of a dissatisfied minority\u2019\u3002\uff08\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u4e66\u8fd9\u91cc\u597d\u50cf\u6709\u8bf4\uff0c\u52a0\u5c14\u6587\u4e3b\u4e49\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u9009\u6c11\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u4eba\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u8bba\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u6c11\u4e3b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b6417\u4e16\u7eaa\u540e\u671f\u5b83\u5c31\u88ab\u629b\u5f03\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u597d\u50cf\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u4e66\u4e0a\u6709\u8bf4\u514b\u4f26\u5a01\u5c14\u6216\u8005\u4efb\u4f55\u5176\u4ed6\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u6709\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4e3a\u7531\u62d2\u7edd the levellers\u3002\u6211\u5bf9 \u2018\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u2019 \u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u70b9\u4e0d\u592a\u7406\u89e3\u3002\uff09\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u5149\u8bf4\u4e0d\u505a\u3002\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u76ee\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u52e4\u594b\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u6551\u8d4e\u4f60\u4e0d\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u52e4\u594b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002Doers shall be saved by their doing not for their doing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u770b\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u6bb5\u8bdd\u6211\u660e\u767d\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u8fd9\u79cd\u5b97\u6559\u6d41\u6d3e\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>If for &#8216;God&#8217; we substitute some such phrase as &#8216;historical development&#8217; or the logic of events&#8217;, as the Puritans almost did, then there can be no doubt that powerful impersonal forces, beyond the control of any individual will, were working for Cromwell and his army. (Page&nbsp;230)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u662f\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u662f\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u91cc\u597d\u7684\u548c\u574f\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u90fd\u662f\u4eba\u6027\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5360\u636e\u897f\u65b9\u6574\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5b97\u6559\u3002\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u5c1a\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5351\u9119\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5145\u6ee1\u540c\u60c5\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u6b8b\u9177\u3002\u6211\u771f\u7684\u8bd5\u8fc7\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5f15\u6587\u91cc\u7684\u4e0a\u5e1d\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u4eba\u6027\u6216\u8005\u7406\u60f3\u6216\u8005\u81ea\u7531\u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u505a\u6cd5\u548c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u66ff\u6362\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bf4\u66ff\u6362\u6210 \u201c\u5386\u53f2\u8d8b\u52bf\u201d \u5c31\u6b63\u597d\u89e3\u91ca\u4e86\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u800c\u6211\u867d\u7136\u4e0d\u592a\u76f8\u4fe1\u5386\u53f2\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u76f8\u4fe1\u5386\u53f2\u8d8b\u52bf\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b89\u6392\u7684\uff08\u5386\u53f2\u8d8b\u52bf\uff09\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u6765\u8981\u89e3\u91ca\u4eba\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u90fd\u88ab\u4e0a\u5e1d\u5b89\u6392\u597d\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5386\u53f2\u89c2<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u770b\u4e86\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5bf9 Hill \u5f88\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u3002\u6700\u65e9\u662f\u5728\u770b\u4e0a\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\u4e4b\u524d\u770b\u5230\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u4e0a\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba\u91cc\u6709\u63d0\u5230\u8bf4\u4ed6\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u3002\u770b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u6211\u4e0d\u7531\u5730\u611f\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u4ed6\u63d0\u5230 The Levellers \u901a\u8fc7\u51b3\u8bae\u519b\u961f\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u9a71\u8d76\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u4eba\u3002The Levellers \u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u8bc9\u6c42\u548c\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u5e73\u6c11\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u5230\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fd0\u52a8\u662f\u5f88\u56fd\u9645\u7684\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u60f3\u8d77\u770b\u5230\u8fc7\u7684\u8001\u7684\u5ba3\u4f20\u5185\u5bb9\u91cc\u9762\u90fd\u662f\u4e2d\u82cf\u53cb\u597d\u554a\u3001\u62ef\u6551\u4e16\u754c\u522b\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\u4e8e\u6c34\u6df1\u706b\u70ed\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7b49\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u6e05\u6559\u5f92\u7684\u795e\u5b66\u903b\u8f91\u65f6\uff0c\u6587\u4e2d\u6709\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>At Doomsday, Bunyan said, men will be asked not Did you believe? but &#8216;Were you doers, or talkers only?42 To be convinced that one was a soldier in God&#8217;s army and to stand back from the fighting would have been a contradiction far less tolerable than that which philosophers have detected between individual freedom and divine predestination. Previous theologians had explained the world: for Puritans the point was to change it. (Page&nbsp;231)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u53e5\u5f88\u660e\u663e\u5c31\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u540d\u8a00\u7684\u6539\u7f16\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u51fa\u4e8e\u672c\u80fd\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\uff0c\u5bf9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u90fd\u5f88\u56de\u907f\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e2d\u6587\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u4e60\u60ef\u3002\u5728\u4e2d\u6587\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u8bf4\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8bdd\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6211\u5185\u5316\u4e86\u82f1\u6587\u73af\u5883\u91cc\u666e\u904d\u7684\u5bf9\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5426\u5b9a\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5f88\u559c\u6b22 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